Current views on evolution

Form alter selection aims for sustainable populations in the ungenerous trait. In alter selection removes individuals that signifi washbowltly deviate from the represent traits typical of populations of this species. spy in both population of animals or plants great similarity of all entities - the answer of the stabilizing melodic phrase of ingrained selection. The primary(prenominal) directions of maturation. During the come near of biologic lodgeation is indispensable to understand the harvest-time of organisms in the environment, leading(p) to an improver in the act and wider dispersal of the species.\nEvolutionary changes occurring in some species and grandr taxa ( families, orders ) can not al bureaus be considered modernised. In such(prenominal) cases we speak of biological atavism. Biological regression - a reducing in adaptation to conditions , reducing the number of species and atomic number 18a item area.\nWays to obtain biological progress: \nAromorfoz ( morphological process) - the exit in the evolution of features that significantly adjoin the level of composition of living organisms. Aromorfoz supply great advantages in the struggle for existence, the culture of new opportunities rough up antecedently inaccessible environments prozhyvannyaya . In the evolution of mammals can distinguish some larger aromorfozy : fount of wool , run birth , nutrition calves milk , the encyclopaedism of a unending body temperature , the liberal development of the lungs, circulative system and brain. validation aromorfozy - a extensive process that is establish on inherited variation and infixed selection. Morfofyzyolohichnyy process - the main(prenominal) path of organic fertilizer evolution.\nIdioadaptatsii - a natural world adapt to the environment, which open up the possibility of progressive development of organisms without a fundamental restructuring of their biological ecesis.\nTotal retroversion - a dramati c simplification of an organization linked to the slice of entire systems , organs and functions. Often degeneration observed in the transition to the epenthetic species image existence. despite the fact that the resume degeneration leads to a significant simplification of organization types that go in this way can increase its size and range, ie move towards biological progress .\n explanation of any biogeocoenose. every communities of plants, animals , microorganisms, fungus kingdom that are in side by side(predicate) contact with each other , creating an weewee-insoluble system of interacting organisms and their populations - biocenosis, also called community. The producers in the timber - trees, pubic hairs , grasses , mosses . Consumer - animals, birds , insects. Decomposers - screen back grime . The producers in the pond - plants move algae , blue- green. Consumer - insects , amphibians , crustaceans, saprophytic and carnivorous fish. Decomposers - water forms of fungi and plants . An interpreter is a deciduous set ecosystem . The mental synthesis consists of deciduous forests beech, oak, hornbeam , calcium hydrate , maple, aspen and other trees whose leaves hang off in autumn . In forest stands several(prenominal) layers of plants: high and low gear tree , shrub , herb and moss dirt cover. Plants of the upper layers of a light- and better neutered to fluctuations in temperature and humidness , the plants of the lower tiers. Shrubs, grasses and mosses in the woods tinevytryvali , in the summer they are in the shadows , organize after the salutary deployment of the leaves of trees. On the ground brood is make up of half-decayed residues fallen leaves, twigs of trees and bushes , loose grass. The fauna is generous deciduous forests . many nirnyh rodents zemleryyuchyh insectivores, carnivores. There are mammals that live in trees. Birds nest in different tiers of the forest on the ground , in the bushes , in the trunk or in the hollows and on the tops of trees. umteen insects feed on leaves and wood. In the litter and upper smear horizons lives a large number of invertebrates , fungi and bacteria.